丝杠是将旋转运动变成直线运动的传动副零件，在机床上，它是用来完成进给运动的一个重要原件。机床丝杠不仅要能准确地传递运动，而且还要能传递一定的动力。所以它在精度、强度以及耐磨性各方面，都有一定的要求。丝杠是一种精度很高的零件，丝杠的加工从毛坯到成品的每道工序都要周密考虑，以提高其加工精度

创盈彩网址A screw is a transmission component that converts rotational motion into linear motion. In machine tools, it is an important component used to complete feed motion. Machine tool screws not only need to be able to accurately transmit motion, but also need to be able to transmit a certain amount of power. So it has certain requirements in terms of accuracy, strength, and wear resistance. A lead screw is a high-precision component, and every step of the machining process from the blank to the finished product needs to be carefully considered to improve its machining accuracy

　　1、丝杠的分类

1. Classification of lead screws

　　机床丝杠按其摩擦特性可分为三类:滑动丝杠、滚动丝杠及静压丝杠。

Machine tool screws can be divided into three categories based on their friction characteristics: sliding screws, rolling screws, and static pressure screws.

创盈彩网址　　滑动丝杠的牙型多为梯形。这种牙型比三角形牙型具有效果高，传动性能好，精度高，加工方便等优点

The tooth shape of the sliding screw is mostly trapezoidal. This tooth shape has advantages such as higher effectiveness, better transmission performance, high accuracy, and convenient processing compared to triangular tooth shapes

　　滚动丝杠义分为滚珠丝杠和滚柱丝杠两大类。滚珠丝杠与滚柱丝杠相比，摩擦力小，传动效率高，精度也高，因而比较常用，但是其制造工艺比较复杂。

创盈彩网址Rolling screw is divided into two categories: ball screw and roller screw. Compared with roller screws, ball screws have lower friction, higher transmission efficiency, and higher accuracy, making them more commonly used. However, their manufacturing process is more complex.

　　静压丝杠有许多的优点，常被用于精密机床和数控机床的进给机构中。其螺纹牙形与标准梯形螺纹牙形相同。但牙形高于同规格标准螺纹1.5～2倍，目的在于获得良好油封及提高承载能力。但是调整比较麻烦，而且需要一套液压系统，工艺复杂，成本较高

Static pressure screw has many advantages and is often used in the feed mechanism of precision machine tools and CNC machine tools. Its thread profile is the same as the standard trapezoidal thread profile. But the tooth shape is 1.5-2 times higher than the standard thread of the same specification, in order to obtain good oil seals and improve bearing capacity. But the adjustment is quite complicated and requires a hydraulic system, with complex processes and high costs

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